ارزیابی یکپارچه دلبستگی و تعلق ساکنان شهر از مولفه‌های عملکردی زیست‌پذیری شهری و روابط اجتماعی همسایگان (مطالعه موردی: منطقه 8 تبریز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه معماری و شهرسازی، عضو باشگاه نخبگان و پژوهشگران جوان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشکده مهندسی معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: در این پژوهش به سنجش رضایت از مولفه­های عملکردی زیست­پذیری شهری و روابط همسایگی در محلات شهری به عنوان عوامل موثر بر تعلق و دلبستگی به مکان در شهر تبریز پرداخته شده ‌است. در همین راستا بهبود محیط‌های شهری باید به گونه‌ای اولویت‌بندی شود که دسترسی به امکانات شهری را افزایش دهد و ساکنان را به تعامل با یکدیگر تشویق کند. تبریز نمونه شهری است که شهرنشینی سریعی را تجربه کرده ‌است و در حال تبدیل شدن به الگوی توسعه برای بسیاری از شهرهای کشور ایران است. تامل در عوامل موثر بر رضایت ساکنان از مولفه­های عملکردی زیست­پذیری شهر تبریز می‌تواند پیامدهای مهمی برای بسیاری از شهرهای در حال توسعه کشورمان داشته باشد.
مواد و روش­ها: این مقاله با استفاده از روش توصیفی - تحلیلی و پیمایشی و با استفاده از ابزار کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی انجام گرفته است. جمع­آوری داده­ها با پرسشنامه انجام شده، جامعه آماری جمعیت شهر تبریز است که براساس سالنامه آماری سال 96 برابر 1595676 نفر می­باشد و حجم نمونه برابر 384 نفر شد که براساس فرمول کوکران به دست آمد. و علاوه بر این، پاسخ دهندگان به­طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. آیتم‌ها با استفاده از مقیاس پنج نقطه‌ای لیکرت رتبه‌بندی شدند. اول، رضایت از محیط شهری از نظر دسترسی، دلپذیری و ایمنی (مولفه­های عملکردی زیست­پذیری شهری)  رتبه‌بندی شد‏ عامل دسترسی از طریق سطح رضایت از دسترسی به موسسات عمومی، امکانات فرهنگی، امکانات تجاری و امکانات پزشکی اندازه‌گیری شد. دسترسی از نظر درک و احساس انسان­ها بررسی شد. عامل دلپذیری هم از نظر رضایت از پارک‌های سبز و محیط طبیعی اطراف سنجیده شد. عامل ایمنی از نظر ایمنی ناشی از بلایای طبیعی، جرم و جنایت، و ... اندازه‌گیری شد. در این مطالعه، دسترسی، دلپذیری و ایمنی، که زیر مولفه‌های عملکردی زیست­پذیری شهری هستند، به عنوان متغیرهای برونزا سازماندهی شدند، در حالی که روابط همسایگی به عنوان یک میانجی طبقه‌بندی شد و تعلق و دلبستگی به محل اقامت به عنوان یک متغیر درونزا در نظر گرفته شد‏. همه تحلیل‌ها از طریق نرم­افزار SPSS وAMOS  انجام شد. از طرفی، معادله ساختاری (SEM) می‌تواند اثرات مستقیم و غیر مستقیم بر متغیر وابسته را تعیین کند.
بحث و نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که با مقایسه اثر کل هر عامل روی تعلق و دلبستگی به مکان، عامل دسترسی بیشترین تاثیر داشته است. به علاوه، ثابت شد که اثر غیرمستقیم روابط همسایگی بین ایمنی و تعلق و دلبستگی به محل اقامت بیشترین بوده است. این بدین معنی است که رضایتمندی بیشتر در روابط همسایگی بیشتر می­تواند تاثیر ایمنی بر روی زیست­پذیری را افزایش دهد. همچنین مشخص شد که هرچقدر رضایت از محیط شهری بیشتر باشد به همان اندازه نیز تاثیر مثبتی بر تعلق و دلبستگی به محل اقامت دارد. ​
نتیجه­ گیری: بنابراین برای ارتقا تعلق و دلبستگی به محل اقامت در شهر تبریز باید بر رضایت از محیط شهری و روابط همسایگی توجه بیشتری شود هر چقدر روابط همسایگی و رضایت از محیط شهری ارتقا پیدا کند به همان اندازه نیز شرایط تعلق و دلبستگی به مکان در شهر تبریز بیشتر می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

An integrated assessment of city residents' attachment and belonging to functional components of urban livability and social relations of neighbors (Case study: District 8 of Tabriz)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Zeynali Azim 1
  • Islam Karami 2
1 Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Faculty of Architectural Engineering and Urbanism, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: In this study, satisfaction with the functional component of urban livability and neighborhood relations in urban areas as factors affecting place attachment in the city of Tabriz has been studied. In this regard, the improvement of urban environments should be prioritized in a way that increases access to urban facilities and encourages residents to interact with each other. Tabriz is an example of a city that has experienced rapid urbanization and is becoming a model of development for many cities in Iran. Reflection on the factors affecting the residents' satisfaction with the functional component of viability of the city of Tabriz can have important consequences for many developing cities in our country.
Materials and methods: This article has been done using descriptive-analytical and survey method and using library and field tools. The data collection was done with a questionnaire, the statistical population of the Tabriz city is 1595676 people based on the statistical yearbook of 2016 and the sample size was 384 people, which was obtained based on Cochran's formula. In addition, respondents were randomly selected. Items were ranked using a five-point Likert scale. First, satisfaction with the functional component of urban livability was ranked in terms of accessibility, pleasantness and safety. The access factor was measured through the level of satisfaction with access to public institutions, cultural facilities, commercial facilities and medical facilities. Access was assessed for human perception and emotion. The pleasant factor was also measured in terms of satisfaction with green parks and the surrounding natural environment. The safety factor was measured in terms of safety from natural disasters, crime, etc. In this study, accessibility, pleasantness and safety, which are sub-components of functional component of urban livability satisfaction, were organized as exogenous variables, while neighborhood relations were classified as a mediator and place attachment was considered as an endogenous variable. All analyzes were performed using SPSS and AMOS software. On the other hand, structural equation (SEM) can determine the direct and indirect effects on the dependent variable.
Results and discussion: The results showed that by comparing the total effect of each factor on place attachment, the access factor had the greatest impact. In addition, the indirect effect of neighborhood relationships between safety and place attachment was found to be greatest. This means that greater satisfaction in neighborhood relationships can increase the impact of safety on place attachment. It was also found that the higher the satisfaction of the urban environment, the more positive effect it has on place attachment.
Conclusion: Therefore, in order to improve the quality of place attachment in the city of Tabriz, more attention should be paid to satisfaction with the functional component of urban livability and neighborhood relations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Viability
  • Neighborhood relations
  • Satisfaction
  • Tabriz City
  • place attachment

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دوره 14، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 55
پژوهشی
مهر 1402
صفحه 130-148

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