بررسی ریزساختارهای کنترل‌کننده دگرسانی و کانه‌زایی در کانسار آهن خسروآباد، شمال خاوری سنقر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه ژئوشیمی، دانشکدۀ علوم زمین، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کانسار اسکارن آهن خسروآباد، در بخشی از زون فلززایی آهن باختر کشور (سری سنقر) و در شمال باختری پهنه سنندج – سیرجان واقع شده است. واحدهای زمین­شناسی منطقه خسروآباد شامل متاآندزیت­بازالتی، آهک­های اسلیتی و متبلور (مرمر) ژوراسیک میانی تا پسین و توده­های نفوذی کوارتزمونزونیتی و سینیتی ائوسن بالایی است. عملکرد نیروهای تکتونیکی باعث ایجاد شکستگی در واحد متاآندزیت ­بازالتی شده و شرایط مناسبی را برای گسترش دگرسانی و کانه­زایی فراهم کرده است. اعمال تنش­های تکتونیکی در واحد متاآندزیت ­بازالتی اسکارنی­شده، اسلیت آهکی و توده­های نفوذی، ساختارهایی مانند ساب­گرین­شدگی و تبلور مجدد بلورهای کوارتز و آلکالی ­فلدسپار، بافت کاتاکلاستیکی و میلونیتی، جهت­یافتگی موازی در اسلیت­های آهکی، تشکیل ساختار میکاماهی در بلورهای مگنتیت، حاشیه مضرس و پدیده ان–اشلون و کینک­باند در بلورهای پلاژیوکلاز را ایجاد کرده است. کوارتز بی­شکل و با خاموشی­موجی، بیانگر رخداد تنش در آنهاست. با توجه به موقعیت زمین­شناسی و ساختاری و نیز براساس مطالعات پتروفابریکی، دو تیپ کانه­زایی شکنا و شکل­پذیر در کانسار آهن خسروآباد قابل شناسایی است. بیشترین تمرکز کانه­زایی مگنتیت در پهنه بُرشی شکنا شامل ریزشکستگی ها، رگه­ها و رگچه­های موجود در واحد متاآندزیت­بازالتی اسکارنی­شده است. این رگچه­ها به صورت موازی و متقاطع با برگوارگی میلونیتی دیده می­شوند. کانه­زایی تیپ شکل­پذیر به صورت پروتومیلونیت و اولترامیلونیت با ژئومتری عدسی­شکل و همروند با برگوارگی غالب منطقه گسترش دارد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که تنش­های تکتونیکی در کانسار اسکارن آهن خسروآباد در تغییرات عیاری و گسترش کانه­زایی نقش کلیدی داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of microstructures controlls on alteration and iron mineralization in Khosrow Abad deposit, Northeastern of Sonqor

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Ebrahimi Fard
  • Behzad Mehrabi
  • Majid Ghasemi Siani
Department of Geochemisty, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Kharazmi University, Theran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction
Metamorphism, magmatism and metasomatism were active in the Sonqor series and have a significant effect on the geological fate of the region (Mohajjel, 1997). Petrofabric analysis of metamorphic rocks is an effective method in recognizing mechanism of orogenic belt evolution and its’ relationship with plate tectonics (Twiss and Moores, 1992). Emplacement of intrusive bodies associated with tectonic event provide suitable conditions for skarnification, mineralization, alteration and metasomatism in the regions. Tectonic deformation caused the mylonitization of intrusive bodies and metamorphic rock fabric, which is related to orogenic evolution and plate tectonics. Since tectonic structures are considered as the main controllers of mineralization in such areas, it is vital to study tectonics, structures and deformation phases and their affiliation with mineralization for understanding the geometry, grade control and location of associated mineralization.
Material and methods
Microstructures in the Khosrow-abad region were studied during two field surveys mainly in the mineralized area. Fifty-three thin and thin polished sections of skarnified meta basaltic andesite rock units, slatic- and crystalline limestone (marble), quartz monzonitic and syenitic intrusive bodies were prepared and studied using Zeiss Axio-Plan2 research optical microscope in mineralogy laboratory of Kharazmi University in Tehran.
Results and discussion
Iron ore mineralization in the Khosrow-Abad deposit can be divided into two types according to the geological and structural features and also based on micro-texture fabrics:
1) Ductile type mineralization; the host rock of this type of mineralization is skarnified limestone. Ductile mineralization occurred in Khosrow Abad region in a zone with lens-shaped geometry. Ductile shear zones are also affected by sodic (albite) and magnesium (serpentine and talc) metasomatism. Results of the analyzed samples taken from trenches and boreholes in ductile shear zone indicate low grade iron mineralization associated with highly deformed sections with sodic and magnesium alteration.
2) Brittle type mineralization; the host rocks of the mineralization are alternate of volcanic (meta basaltic andesite) and skarnified rocks with strong deformation. The high-grade iron ore in Khosrow-Abad deposit is associated with brittle deformation. This type of mineralization, which is exposed in the inner parts of the mylonitic zones of the region, includes fractures, veins and oxide-sulfide veins-veinlets that are parallel and intersecting the mylonitic foliation. It seems that the normal faults’ related strain field has led to remobilization, migration, and re-concentration of iron ore along these faults. Deformations has provided suitable spaces and conduits for channeling hydrothermal fluids, causing leaching, alteration and mineralization, even sometimes re-concentration of iron ore. Therefore, the parallel and intersecting joints with mylonitic foliation, has caused a voluminous migration of mineralized fluids and ore deposition within these sub-structures. The highest iron ore grade is observed in the intensely fractured brittle deformation, associated with fragmentation and displacement of mylonitic units and bonds.
Conclusion
The occurrence of vein or replacement structures in the Khosrow-Abad skarn iron deposit is due to the flow of mineralization fluids along the joints and fractures created due to tectonic deformation in the host and intrusive rocks. The tectonic forces caused the occurrence of ductile and brittle shear zones in the region. Considering the association of intense alteration and metamorphism with high-grade iron ore in Khosrow-Abad deposit, it can be concluded that metasomatism and hydrothermal alteration and mineralization in the region, is controlled by deformations and their intensity. The brittle deformation along with the fractures, provide a suitable space and conduits for the influx of mineralized fluids and ultimately the ore precipitation as veinlets, veins, lensoids and deformation fabrics, that controls the magnetite mineralization and its’ grade.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sanandaj-Sirjan zone
  • Tectonic stress
  • Khosrow Abad
  • Sonqor series
  • Mineralization

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پژوهشهای دانش زمین
دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 49
پژوهشی
اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 21-51

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