دیاژنز و کانی شناسی اولیه سنگ‌های آهکی ژوراسیک فوقانی در بلوک طبس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

2 گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سنگ­های سری­­های راور و سازند بیدو با سن آکسفوردین – کیمیریجین متعلق به ژوراسیک پسین در جنوب بلوک طبس گسترش دارند. در این بخش از بلوک طبس چهار برش زمین­شناسی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. سنگ­شناختی غالب این برش­ها، آهک و شیل بوده که قسمت فوقانی آنها با لایه­های تبخیری پوشیده شده است. مهم­ترین فرآیندهای دیاژنزی مشاهده شده در مقاطع نازک مورد مطالعه آهن­دار شدن، میکریتی شدن، دولومیتی شدن، سیمانی شدن، ندول­های تبخیری و تراکم می­باشند. تفسیر توالی پاراژنتیکی سنگ­های آهکی مورد مطالعه نشان دهنده تاثیر فرآیندهای مختلف دیاژنزی در مراحل دریایی، متائوریکی و تدفینی می­باشد. در این پژوهش، نمونه­های آهکی از برش­های حورجند، لکرکوه شمالی و جنوبی، و خورند مورد تجزیه ژئوشیمیایی قرار گرفتند. ژئوشیمی عناصر فرعی (Na, Sr, Mn) نظیر بالا بودن مقدار Sr/Na با میانگین بیش از 2 حاکی از ترکیب کانی­شناسی اولیه آراگونیتی است. بالا بودن مقادیر Mn حاکی از تاثیر دیاژنز متائوریکی روی این نمونه­ها می­باشد. پایین بودن نسبت Sr / Mn  و Sr/ Ca در مقابل Mn حاکی از دگرسانی بیشتر در این نمونه­ها است که یک سیستم دیاژنتیکی عمدتاً باز با نسبت تبادل آب به سنگ بالا را نشان می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Diagenesis and primary mineralogy of the upper Jurassic carbonate rocks in the Tabas block

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Narges Edalatimanesh 1
  • Sasan Bagheri 1
  • Mohammad Hossein Adabi 2
  • Mostafa Ghomashi 1
  • Mohammad Boomeri 1
1 Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
2 Department of Geology, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction
The Oxfordian – Kimmeridgian rocks of the Ravar series and the Bido Formation with the age of Upper Jurassic, are distributed in the south of Tabas Block. The most important diagenetic processes in the studied thin sections are namely hematitization, micritization, dolomitization, cementation, evaporite nodules and compaction. Interpretation of paragenetic sequences of studied samples show the effect of different processes in the marine, meteoric and burial diagenetic environments. Major and minor elements and comparison with previous studies, indicate that aragonite was an original carbonate mineralogy for the Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks in the Ravar area. Low Sr / Mn and Sr/ Ca versus Mn show higher alteration in the studied samples which mainly show an open diagenetic system with high water- rock interaction.
Materials and Methods
After field observations, 78 samples of carbonate rocks were selected from four geological sections of north of Lakar- Kuh -1, 2, Horjond, Baghamshah, and Khorand. After microscopic observations, 21 carbonate samples from studied intervals were selected for elemental investigations in the geochemistry lab of the Shahid Beheshti University. In order to determine original carbonate mineralogy, these data were compared with Mozduran Formation carbonates, Gordon warm water tropical limestones of Tasmania, the Ilam, Fahliyan Formations and Qaleh- Dokhtar carbonates with original aragonite mineralogy. Low Sr/Mn ratio show high water – rock interaction.
Results and Discussion
Activity of microscopic organisms in these environments is associated with micritization in the lagoon environments. Bladed cement forms in the marine environments and equant, blocky and drusy calcite cements are formed in meteoric and mainly in burial environments. With increasing depth of burial, chemical compaction has formed dissolution seams and stylolite. Hemititization and dolomitization processes are formed in the late diagenetic stages. Geochemistry of major elements (Na, Sr, and Mn) such as high Sr/Na ratio with the average of > 2 show aragonite was an original carbonate mineralogy. High Mn values suggest the effect of meteoric diagenesis on the studied samples. Higher Sr values in some of the samples may indicate original aragonite mineralogy and low impact of diagenetic processes. The high Sr/Ca and Mn variations in the studied carbonates represent the effect of meteoric diagenesis in closed and open diagenetic systems.
Conclusion
Sr/Mn versus Mn variations in samples fall within and very close to aragonite field of the Mozduran Formation due to higher impact of meteorite diagenesis. This probably shows the effect of meteoric diagenesis with higher water - rock interaction (W/R) in an open diagenetic system. Relatively low Sr/Mn values show an open diagenetic system for studied carbonate samples. The Sr/Ca ratio in the studied carbonates show a relatively open diagenetic system with high water- rock interaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diagenesis and primary mineralogy of the upper Jurassic carbonate rocks in the Tabas block

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