منشا گازهای هیدروکربوری در گل‌فشان‌های جنوب‌شرق دریای خزر (دشت گرگان) براساس ترکیب مولکولی و ایزوتوپی کربن و هیدروژن

نوع مقاله : علمی -پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه خوارزمی

2 دانشگاه اسلو

3 دانشگاه ایالتی مسکو

4 موسسه ملی ژئوفیزیک و آتشفشان شناسی

چکیده

گل­فشان­ها پدیده­های رایج در مناطق خشکی و ساحلی با تکتونیک فشارشی و رسوب­گذاری بالا هستند که اهمیت زیادی برای تحقیقات در زمینه فعالیت­های تکتونیکی، محیط­های رسوبی و تجمعات نفت و گاز دارد. در این مطالعه، سه گل­فشان قارنیاریق، صوفیکم و نفتلیچه در دشت گرگان توصیف و منشا گازهای هیدروکربوری آن­ها (به صورت گاز آزاد و گاز محلول در رسوبات) بررسی می­شود. ترکیب گازهای سه گل­فشان شامل مقدار بالایی از گاز متان (۶۸/۹۰ تا vol.% ۷۴/9۹) و مقادیر کمی اتان، پروپان و همچنین ایزو-بوتان در قارنیاریق و نفتلیچه است. منشا گازهای خارج­شده از گل­فشان­ها براساس ترکیب مولکولی و نسبت ایزوتوپی کربن و هیدروژن در صوفیکم (‰74-δ13CCH4=)، احیا باکتریایی کربنات و در قارنیاریق (‰2/52-δ13CCH4=) و نفتلیچه (‰2/52-δ13CCH4=) مخلوط (ترموژنیک-بیوژنیک) تشخیص داده­ شد. اگرچه مقدار کمی اتان (ppmv358) در گازهای برداشت شده از صوفیکم نشاندهنده­ حضور مقدار کمی گازهای ترموژنیک است. ترکیب ایزوتوپی کربن CO2 با مقدار ‰14/3+δ13CCO2=فرآیند تجزیه­زیستی غیرهوازی در گل­فشان نفتلیچه را نشان می­دهد. مقادیر نسبت ایزوتوپی رادیوژنیک 3He/4He نیز بیانگر منشا پوسته­ای گازهاست. حضور گازهای ترموژنیک در گل­فشان­های دشت گرگان می­تواند نشاندهنده­ پتانسیل هیدروکربوری این منطقه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Origin of hydrocarbon gas in southeast of Caspian Sea (Gorgan plain) mud volcanoes based on molecular and isotopic composition of carbon and hydrogen

چکیده [English]

Abstract:
Mud volcanoes are common phenomena in tectonic compression and high sedimentation settings from terrestrial and offshore areas which are of great importance for research on tectonic activities, sedimentary environments and oil and gas accumulation.
In this study, three onshore mud volcanoes Gharniarigh, Sofikama and Naftlicheh in Gorgan plain are described and the origin of hydrocarbon gases (as free and dissolved gas in sediment) is investigated. The gases molecular composition of all three mud volcanoes show high amount of methane (90.68 to 99.74 vol.%) and minor concentration of ethane, propane as well as iC4 in Gharniarigh and Naftlicheh. The origin of released gases from Sofikam (δ13CCH4=-74‰), Gharniarigh (δ13CCH4=-52.2‰) and Naftlicheh (δ13CCH4=-52.2‰) based on the molecular composition and isotope ratios of carbon and hydrogen are distinguished the bacterial carbonate reduction, mixed (thermogenic-biogenic) and mixed (thermogenic-biogenic), respectively. Although the minor amount of ethane (358 ppmv) in Sofikam gas indicates minor thermogenic contribution. The carbon isotopic composition of CO2 )δ13CCO2=+3.14‰( show anaerobic biodegradation process in Naftlicheh mud volcano. The radiogenic isotope ratios 3He / 4He represents crustal source for emitted gases. The presence of thermogenic gases in mud volcanoes of Gorgan plain can indicate the hydrocarbon potential of this area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • mud volcanoes
  • molecular and isotope composition of hydrocarbon gases
  • gases origin
  • Gorgan plain
  • Sofikam
  • Gharniarigh and Naftlicheh

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