The elemental potential study based on modern methods of geochemical and airborne geophysical data in Lahrud 1:100,000 sheet, NW Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Petroleum and Mining Engineering Department, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Lahrud is situated in NW Iran, between 47º 30´ to 48º longitudes and 38º 30´ to 39º latitudes, based on
the structural units this area is part of the Eocene age trending Alborz-Azerbaijan magmatic belt. The
volcanic rocks of Eocene age mainly comprise of alkaline series.
Materials and Methods
Fractal modeling has been widely used in various fields of earth sciences and mineral exploration since
the 1980s. One of the most important methods is the Concentration-Number fractal method; this method
is based on the inverse relationship between the concentration and the cumulative frequency of each
concentration and higher concentrations. In 2003, about 600 samples of Lahroud 1: 100,000 sheet
stream sediments were randomly sampled by the National Geological and Mineral Exploration
Organization and analyzed by ICP-MS. In this study, classical statistics operations, factor analysis,
fractal Concentration-Number of operations and element geochemical anomaly maps were prepared.
Classical statistics have a structural weakness for not taking into account the spatial position of the data
which causes systematic errors. Factor analysis is one of the most popular multivariate analyses, which
is used as a powerful tool for visualizing large three-dimensional spatial data based on the variance and
covariance matrices. In this method, a large set of geochemical variables are combined with several
factors. The basis of the factor analysis work is, that after the initial stages of data preparation, at each
stage, the elements that have a number higher than 0.6 should be selected and the rest of the elements
should be removed.
Results and Discussion
Factor analysis was performed in SPSS software and had four stages; All disruptive elements (Mo, Be,
Hg, Pb, Ag, Sr, Se, and Bi) were removed after four stages of factor analysis, and As, Sb, Sn, W, Co,
Mn, Zn, Ti, Ba, Ni, Cr, Au, Cu and B were classified into five groups. Graph diagram of the C-N of
invoice points was drawn and their values determined the maps of geochemical communities. The
interpretation of airborne geophysical data is done both qualitatively and quantitatively. In interpreting
this data, geological structures such as the location of intrusive masses, faults or hidden faults, contacts,
special structures such as folds, various alteration zones and various lithologies and their changes are
considered.
The Oasis Montaj geophysical software offers a variety of filters and applications for analyzing and,
interpreting aerial magnetic data. Geophysical surveys of the Lahrud area were performed on 48 flight
lines, including longitude, latitude, and magnetic field for each point.
Conclusion
The presence of Andesite and Andesite-basalt rocks on the surface (geological study of area) reinforces
the possibility of the presence of dioritic intrusive mass. This, has caused some of the rocks around the
intrusive mass and fractures to rise through the weak points around it, and it has flowed as lava on the
earth's surface. Finally it has formed the Andesite rocks of the region. Due to the size, depth and
alterations of the rocks around the southern intrusive mass of the region, this, type of rooted batolite
was detected with a slope to the south. The presence of Sb in the southwestern region confirms the
performance of a hydrothermal system; the system, rises through the existing faults and affects the
alteration rocks, creating Alunitization, Kaolinitiezation and Silicification alterations in the southwest
and center of the sheet. Most of the anomalies are around the intrusive mass south of the region, where
hydrothermal fluids have caused alterations, followed by mineralization. Concentration-Number fractal
calculations, step-by-step factor analysis, preparation of geochemical anomalies of Gold, Antimony and
Copper elements, studies and preparation of geophysical maps indicate that the anomalies of the
elements are significant. They correspond to alteration areas and intrusions. This, indicates a close and
notable connection between the alterations, faults and, intrusive masses of the Lahrud 1:100,000 sheet
with the anomaly of the elements, especially Au and Cu. Therefore, the best exploration items in this
sheet are Gold and Copper.

Keywords

References

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