میکروفاسیس و محیط رسوبی سازند تیرگان در غرب حوضه رسوبی کپه داغ، شمال شرق ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 سازمان زمین‌شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کل کشور، تهران، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات دیرینه‌شناسی و ژئوشیمی، مدیریت اکتشاف، شرکت ملی نفت ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سازند تیرگان به سن بارمین -آپتین در حوضه رسوبی کپه داغ اصولا از سنگ‌های آهک تشکیل شده است. به-منظور مطالعه میکروفاسیس ها، محیط رسوبی سازند تیرگان در غرب حوضه رسوبی کپه داغ، سه برش چینه-شناسی در حوالی روستای اسطرخی، جوزک و کوه‌زاو اندازه‌گیری و نمونه‌برداری شده است. ضخامت سازند تیرگان در برش اسطرخی، جوزک و زاو به ترتیب 129، 362 و 639 متر است. در برش‌های روستای اسطرخی و جوزک، سازند شوریجه در زیر سازند تیرگان به صورت همشیب و پیوسته قرار گرفته است. همچنین مرز بالایی سازند تیرگان در برش اسطرخی با سازند سرچشمه به صورت هم شیب و پیوسته اما در برش جوزک به صورت گسله با سازند آبدراز است. در برش کوه زاو، مرز زیرین سازند تیرگان با سازند زرد به صورت پیوسته و هم شیب است ولی مرز بالایی آن به صورت پوشیده و نامشخص می‌باشد. براساس مطالعات پتروگرافی در منطقه مورد مطالعه، منجر به شناسایی 17 میکروفاسیس مختلف مربوط به 4 کمربند رخساره‌ای پهنه جزرومدی، لاگون، سد و دریای باز و 2 پتروفاسیس ساب ارکوز و کوارتزارنایت در این منطقه شده است. براساس مشاهدات صحرایی و مطالعات پتروگرافی و مقایسه تغییرات عمودی و جانبی رخساره‌ها مجموعه رخساره‌ای کربناته در یک رمپ کربناته هموکلاین در حالیکه لیتوفاسیس های سیلیسی کلاستیک در شرایطی که نرخ ورود آواری‌ها زیاد بوده در محیط‌های جزرومدی نهشته شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Microfacies and sedimentary environment of Tirgan Formation in the west of Kopeh-Dagh sedimentary basin, NE Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atefeh Chenarani 1
  • Mohammad Vahidinia 1
  • Seyed Ali Agha Nabati 2
  • seyed Abolfazl Hosseini 3
1 Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran, Tehran, Iran
3 Geochemical and Paleontological Studies and Research Building, Exploration Management, National Iranian Oil Company, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Extended abstract
In order to study of microfacies and depositional environment of the Tirgan Formation, three outcrop sections were measured and sampled near the Estarkhi, Jozak villages and Zaw Mountain. According to the field observations, petrographic studies and comparison of vertical and lateral changes of the facies, the carbonate facies assemblage was deposited in a homoclinal carbonate ramp and petrofacies were deposited in tidal environments at high detrital entry rates.
Introduction
The Kopet-Dagh Basin in northeast Iran, is an inverted basin (Allen et al., 2013) extending from the east of Caspian Sea to NE Iran, Turkmenistan and north Afghanistan (Afshar Harb, 1979; Buryakovsky et al., 2001). This basin separates Central Iran from the Turan plate (Alavi et al., 1997). Following the closure of Palaeo-Tethys in the Middle Triassic (Alavi et al., 1997) and the opening of Neo-Tethys during the Early to Middle Jurassic (Buryakovsky et al., 2001), the Kopet Dagh Basin formed in an extensional regime during the Early to Middle Jurassic (Garzanti and Gaetani, 2002). The objectives of this study are facies analysis and depositional model of the Tirgan Formation in the study areas.
Materials and methods
In this study, 3 outcrop sections from the Tirgan Formation (Fig 1), were measured bed-by-bed, and samples were taken systematically. Over 524 fresh carbonate samples were collected, from which 500 thin sections were made. Carbonates were classified using the Dunham (1962) scheme. Siliciclastic rocks were classified using the Folk (1980) scheme.
Results, Discussion & Conclusions
Petrographic studies in the study area, 17 different microfacies types have been distinguished in four facies belts including tidal-flat, lagoon, shoal, and open marine and 2 petrofacies including subarkose and quartzarenite. According to the field observations, petrographic studies, and comparison of vertical and lateral changes of the facies, the carbonate facies assemblage was deposited in a homoclinal carbonate ramp, while the siliciclastic lithofacies were deposited in tidal environments at high detrital entry rates.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tirgan Formation
  • Kopet-Dagh sedimentary basin
  • Depositional environment
  • Microfacies

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