The change of the rural farming system and its effect on the functional changes of the villages of Southern Chaldran Dehestan- Chaldran Shahrestan (Aras river basin)

Abstract
In recent decades there has been a new movement in agricultural production due to the spread of early-return commercial enterprises which has lead agriculture towards the production of commercial products (cash crops). Meanwhile, many mountainous villages due to environmental conditions, especially the topographic situation and the limitation of water and soil resources, have not been able to keep pace with these upheavals and consequently have undergone functional changes. The present research using analytical-descriptive method recognizes the specific features of farming system in Southern Chaldran Dehestan and studies the changes in its productive function during the last three decades. The results of this study show the traditional agriculture of the region has not been able to compete in the market and does not provide the sufficient financial support for the villagers. As a result, they have been attracted to marginal early-return jobs such as labor in the cities. Although, this has temporarily improved their financial and physical situation, it is doubted that such changes can lead to long-term economic development and contribute to the sustainability of these villages.